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KC778B Master PIR Control Chip (MPCC) Specification
___________________________________________________________________________ General : The MPCC has been designed for easy implementation of AC control functions that use a Passive Infra-Red (PIR) motion detector. Due to its high sensitivity and reliability, it is also widely used in security product. * * * * * Minimum external component High senstivity High RFI immunity Daylight adjustment Off delay timer
20 pin DIP
Features:
A) Circuit design maximizes performance while minimizing external component count and board layout space. B) Low cost solution for PIR motion control switching applications. C) High sensitivity PIR input with special noise cancellation circuitry. D) Choice of two PIR gain settings: 62 db and 68 db. E) Adjustable PIR sensitivity. F) Internal switched capacitor bandpass filter reduces external component count and improves reliability by minimizing sensitivity to external component values. G) RFI noise immunity exceeds 30 V/m from 1 MHz to 1000 MHz. H) High immunity to line frequency noise. I) Daylight detector circuitry is designed to use either silicon photo diode or CdS detector. J) Adjustable daylight detector sensitivity. K) Adjustable OFF timer accuracy is determined by external components. L) Output can directly drive TRIACs, opto-couplers and small relays (no buffering required). M) Four main operating modes can be used in any combination: 1)Auto-ON: Load turns on when motion is detected (adjustable sensitivity). Adjustable daylight detector disables Auto-ON during daytime. Auto-ON mode can be disabled. Daylight detector can be disabled. 2)Auto-OFF: Adjustable OFF timer activates whenever motion stops. Load turns off if there is no motion during the time delay. If Auto-ON mode is disabled, the load will turn on if there is motion within 6 seconds after turn-off. (If the load goes off because you stopped moving (reading a book for example), you have 6 seconds to wave your arm to turn the load back on.) Auto-OFF mode can be disabled. 3)Manual-ON: Load turns on manually, with a momentary contact switch. 4)Manual-OFF: Load turns off manually, with a momentary contact switch. Load will remain off for 25 seconds, even if there is motion during this time (to give you time to leave the room). N) If the ON/AUTO/OFF input is held either high or low, the load will be held ON or OFF respectively, overriding all other modes, until the input returns to the AUTO position. O) If the Toggle input is held low, the load will change from on to off or from off to on, and will be held in that state, overriding all other modes, until the input returns high. P) When power is restored after an outage, the load will be OFF and motion will be ignored for 25 seconds. Q) Operating chip voltage is 4 - 15V. R) Operating chip current is typically 300 A. S) Chip is ESD protected to more than 1000 V (human body model). T) Operates with 50-60 Hz AC line frequency. _________________________________________________________________________________________ KC778B Rev C, 1996
Pin Assignment :
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
20 pin DIP or SOIC
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Name Vcc Sensitivity Adjust Offset Filter Anti-Alias DC CAP VReg Pyro (D) Pyro (S) Gnd (A) Gnd (D) Daylight Adjust Daylight Sense Gain Select ON/AUTO/OFF Toggle OUT LED C R FRef
Description Supply Voltage (5 V) PIR Motion Sensitivity Input PIR Motion Offset Filter PIR Anti-Alias Filter PIR Gain Stabilization Filter Voltage Regulator Output Pyro Drain Reference Pyro Source Input Signal Analog Circuitry Ground Digital Circuitry Ground Daylight Adjustment and CdS Input Silicon Photo Diode Input PIR Gain Select Tri-State Input Mode Select Tri-State Input Mode Select Toggle Input Lights ON/OFF Output PIR Motion Indicator Output OFF Timer Oscillator Input OFF Timer Oscillator Output Frequency Reference Oscillator
Pin Descriptions
1. Vcc : This is the regulated supply voltage to the chip (nominally 5 V). 2. Sensitivity Adjust: This pin is used to adjust the sensitivity threshold of the motion comparators. When the voltage on this pin equals the pyro drain reference voltage on pin 7 the PIR sensitivity will be minimum (500 mV). When the voltage on this pin is Gnd the PIR sensitivity will be maximum (125 mV). Intermediate voltages will provide intermediate sensitivities. 3. Offset Filter: This pin connects to an external capacitor of 10 F and holds the average value of the switched capacitor bandpass filter output. Motion is detected when the difference between this average and the actual filter output is greater than the sensitivity setting. The output of the switched capacitor bandpass filter can be seen directly on this pin if the external capacitor is disconnected, however, motion will not be detected under these conditions. 4. Anti-Alias: This pin connects to an external capacitor of 0.1 F providing low pass filtering of the PIR input signal, blocking input signals at and above the switching frequency of the switched capacitor bandpass filter. _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 KC778B
5. DC CAP: This pin connects to an external capacitor of 10 F and holds the average pyro source voltage. The difference between this average and the actual pyro source voltage is amplified and coupled to the switched capacitor bandpass filter. The 10 F capacitor must be a low leakage capacitor, such as a Tantalum capacitor. 6. VReg: This pin outputs a voltage that can be used directly drive an external NPN/PNP volatage regulator, or the gate of an external depletion mode JFET voltage regulator pass element. This pin need not be connected if an external voltage regulator, such as a three pin regulator, is used to generate Vcc for the chip. 7. Pyro (D): The pyro drain reference voltage is output on this pin. This voltage is power supply independent and is connected internally to special noise cancellation circuitry to improve the performance and reliability of the PIR interface. Externally, this pin is connected to the pyro drain and to a 0.1 F capacitor. This voltage can also be divided down by an external pot to supply the Sensitivity Adjust voltage to pin 2. 8. Pyro (S): This is the pyro source input pin that receives the PIR input signal. It is connected externally to the pyro source, a 200 pF capacitor and a 47 K resistor to Gnd. This is a sensitive node and the length of the external interconnect to this pin should be made as short as possible. There should be a ground plane on the PC board under the PIR sensor. 9. Gnd (A): This pin is the electrical ground for the internal analog circuitry of the chip. 10. Gnd (D) : This pin is the electrical ground for the internal digital circuitry of the chip. 11. Daylight Adjust: This pin is the output of the Daylight Sense amplifier and the input to the daylight comparator. When using a silicon photo diode daylight sensor, this pin is connected to Daylight Sense (pin 12) by a resistor or pot. The amount of resistance determines the gain of the Daylight Sense amplifier and hence the sensitivity of the daylight detector. When using a CdS daylight sensor, a pot is connected between this pin and Vcc, while the CdS sensor is connected across one side of the pot (two fixed resistors can be used instead of the pot). Daylight Sense (pin 12) must be connected to Vcc when using a CdS sensor. To disable the daylight detector, Daylight Adjust (pin 11) must be unconnected and Daylight Sense (pin 12) must be connected to Vcc. To disable Auto-ON mode, Daylight Adjust (pin 11) and Daylight Sense (pin 12) must both be connected to Vcc (the daylight detector is not used when Auto-ON mode is disabled). 12. Daylight Sense: This pin is the input to the Daylight Sense amplifier. When using a silicon photo diode daylight sensor, this pin is connected to the cathode of the silicon photo diode and to a feedback resistor (or pot) from Daylight Adjust (pin 11). In all other cases, this pin is connected to Vcc. 13. Gain Select: The Gain Select pin is a tri-state input used to select the gain of the PIR circuitry. When this pin is connected to Gnd, the PIR gain is set to 62 db. When this pin is unconnected or connected to Vcc, the PIR gain is set to 68 db. Normally this pin is unconnected except when less gain is required by a particular PIR sensor. 14. ON/AUTO/OFF: This pin is a tri-state input used to determine the operation of the chip. Normally this pin is unconnected, allowing the chip to operate in its configured operating mode. If this pin is connected to Gnd, the load will turn off unconditionally and will remain off as long as this pin is connected to Gnd. If this pin is connected to Vcc, the load will turn on unconditionally and will remain on as long as this pin is connected to Vcc. 15. Toggle: This pin is a toggle input used to determine the operation of the chip. Normally this pin is unconnected, allowing the chip to operate in its configured operating mode. If this pin is connected to Gnd, the load will change from on to off or from off to on and will remain in the new state unconditionally as long as this pin is connected to Gnd. If the ON/AUTO/OFF (pin 14) and Toggle (pin 15) switches are pressed such that one is trying to turn the load on unconditionally and the other is trying to turn the load off unconditionally, the load will be turned off (off overrides on). 16. OUT : The output from this pin is used to turn the external load on or off through a TRIAC, relay or optocoupler. The impedance of this pin is less than 35 , enabling it to directly drive a small (100 DC coil resistance) pulse relay through a 150 F series capacitor. For proper operation, the load should come on when this pin goes high, the load should go off when this pin goes low. _________________________________________________________________________________________ MPCC 3
17. LED: The output from the motion comparator drives this pin through an internal 500 current limiting resistor, enabling it to directly drive an LED motion indicator. Whenever motion is detected this pin will go high and the LED will light. When there is no motion this pin will be low. 18. C: This pin is the input to the OFF timer oscillator. It is connected externally to a pot (or resistor) from R (pin 19) and to a capacitor. The OFF timer delay, in seconds, will be 5678 x (40,000 + pot resistance in Ohms) x (capacitance in Farads). To disable Auto-OFF mode, this pin can be connected to Gnd or Vcc. For minimum time delay, C(pin 18) and R(pin 19) can be shorted together with no external resistor or capacitor. In this configuration, the output at OUT(pin 16) should be the same as the output at LED(pin 17). 19. R : The output of the OFF timer oscillator drives this pin through an internal 40 K series resistor. This pin is connected externally to C (pin 18) through a pot (or resistor). This pin can be connected directly to C (pin 18) for the minimum OFF timer delay (maximum oscillator frequency). 20. FRef : This is the 160 Hz reference oscillator input. It is connected externally through a 330K resistor to Vcc and a 0.022F capacitor to Gnd. Other values of resistance and capacitance can be chosen, provided this input oscillates at 160Hz. This frequency is used to drive the internal switched capacitor bandpass filter and the timing delays.
Electrical Specifications
Below are the specifications at room temperature (25 C).
Parameter Vcc Icc Input Voltage on any Pins PIR Power Supply Rejection Ratio PIR Input Gain Overall gain variation Overall threshold variation Daylight Adjust (pin 11) Pull-down Current Gain Select (pin 13) Pull-up Current ON/AUTO/OFF (pin 14) Pull-up Current ON/AUTO/OFF (pin 14) Pull-Down Current Toggle (pin 15) Pull-up Current Pyro (D) (pin 7) Reference Voltage OUT (pin 16) Output Impedance LED (pin 17) Output Impedance R (pin 19) Output Impedance Operating Temperature Storage Temperature
Min. 4 Gnd - 0.5 74 62
Typ. 5 300
Max. 15 Vcc + 0.5 68 5 7
2.3 375 30 -25 -55
5 5 10 10 5 2.5 500 40
2.7 35 625 50 +100 +125
Unit V A V dB dB % % A A A A A V K C C
Application Notes:
1. Normally, Gain Select (pin 13) is unconnected, providing a PIR gain of 68 db. For reduced sensitivity, Gain Select is connected to Gnd, providing a gain of 62 db. 2. Auto-ON mode can be disabled by connecting both Daylight Sense (pin 12) and Daylight Adjust (pin 11) to Vcc. 3. Auto-OFF mode can be disabled by connecting C (pin 18) to Gnd or Vcc. 4. Daylight detector can be disabled by connecting Daylight Sense (pin 12) to Vcc. 5. With a 5 M Daylight adjust pot, the daylight sensitivity can be adjusted from complete darkness (always on) to complete daylight (always off). Additional fixed resistors and possibly a smaller pot can be used to restrict the range for specific applications. 6. The OFF timer range can be set by selecting a pot and capacitor and possibly additional fixed resistors that will produce the minimum and maximum time delays at the extremes of the pot. _________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 KC778B
7. OFF timer delay = 5678 x (R+40,000) x C seconds, R is in Ohms, C is in Farads. 8. The Sensitivity Adjust pot is used to select a voltage between the pyro drain reference voltage (minimum sensitivity) and Gnd (maximum sensitivity). The value of the pot is not critical and any value between 100 K and 5 M can be used. 9. The output of the switched capacitor bandpass filter can be seen on pin 3 (Offset Filter) when the external capacitor(10F) is disconnected. The filter response can be measured in this way. (Disconnecting the external capacitor prevents motion from being detected.) 10. Pin 8 (Pyro (S)) is a sensitive node and the external interconnect to this pin should be made as short as possible. This node should also be closely surrounded by a ground plane.
Block Diagram
VCC
Sensitivity Adjust Offset Filter Pyro (D) Pyro (S) Gain Select Anti-Alias DC Cap PIR Front End Amplifiers and Noise Cancellation Circuitry
Switched Capacitor Bandpass Filter
FRef R C On/Auto/off Toggle
Oscillation and Synchronization Circuitry
Threshold Comparators and Timing Circuitry
LED OUT
Daylight Sense Daylight Adjust
Daylight Detector Amplifier and Comparator
Voltage Regulator
Vreg
GND
_________________________________________________________________________________________ MPCC 5
Application Circuit 1. Typical Hook-up
Below is a typical hook up for connecting KC778B to a PIR sensor, a TRIAC light switch and a silicon photodiode daylight detector. VReg is used for voltage regulation. 2 slide switches are used. One for select ON/AUTO/OFF and the other one used for enable, disable the daylight sensor and disable auto-on function. A simple AC regulation circuit is used in this system such that only a small gate current TRIAC can be used.
8550 470 10uF 470uF C9014 .1uF 12V
1N 4004
X2
.47uF 400V
100 (L) 1W LIGHT 200V AC TRIAC
470K
.01uF 400V
(N)
MAX 500K 1 MIN 10uF .1uF 10uF TAN 2 3 4 5 6 .1uF 7 8 PIR 47K 9 200pF 10 GND (D) GND (A) VCC PIR SENS
KC778B OSC 20 R R C 19 18
330K .022uF 1K C
OFFSET FILTER LP FILTER DC CAP VREG PYRO (D) PYRO (S)
OFF TIMER
LED 17 OUT 16 TOGGLE ON-OFF TOGGLE 15 AUTO ON/OFF 14 ON GAIN 13 NC OFF DISABLE AUTO-ON DAY 12 SENS DAY 11 ADJ DISABLE DAY SENS DAY SENSOR 5M PHOTO DIODE 20K
SW 2P3T
Note : Off Time Delay = 5678 x (R+40,000) x C Second R in Ohm, C in Farad
_________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 KC778B
2. Hook-up with with relay
The following is similar to the typical hook-up. Due to the higher current require by relay, the bridge regulation method is used in AC circuit. This application is suitable to a high current loading such as heater, flood light, motor and etc.
200
8550 470 10uF C9014 470uF
1N4004
X4
1uF 400V
100 (L) 1W
470K 12V
.01uF 400V
200V AC (N)
100uF MAX 500K 1 MIN 10uF .1uF 10uF TAN 2 3 4 5 6 .1uF 7 8 PIR 47K 9 200pF 10 GND (D) DAY 11 ADJ DAY SENSOR 5M PHOTO DIODE GND (A) DAY 12 SENS VCC PIR SENS OFFSET FILTER LP FILTER DC CAP VREG PYRO (D) PYRO (S) OSC 20 R R 19 OFF TIMER C 18 RELAY(12VDC) 8050 LED 17 1K OUT 16 TOGGLE ON-OFF TOGGLE 15 AUTO ON/OFF 14 ON GAIN 13 NC OFF DISABLE AUTO-ON DISABLE DAY SENSE 20K C 4001 KC778B 330K LOAD .022uF
SW 2P3T
Note : Off Time Delay = 5678 x (R+40,000) x C Second R in Ohm, C in Farad
_________________________________________________________________________________________ MPCC 7
3. Hook-up with minimun regulator
Below is an example of 110V application. Only one stages of regulator is used in the system by use of zener diode
220 1N4148 10uF 5.6V 470uF .1uF
1N 4004 X2
1uF 400V
100 (L) 1W LIGHT 110v AC TRIAC
470K
.01uF 400V
(N)
MAX 500K 1 MIN 10uF .1uF 10uF TAN 2 3 4 5 6 .1uF 7 8 PIR 47K 9 200pF 10 GND (D) GND (A) VCC PIR SENS
KC778B OSC 20 R R 19
330K .022uF 1K C
OFFSET FILTER LP FILTER DC CAP VREG PYRO (D) PYRO (S)
OFF TIMER C 18 LED 17 OUT 16
TOGGLE ON-OFF TOGGLE15 AUTO ON/OFF 14 ON GAIN 13 DAY 12 SENS DAY 11 ADJ NC OFF DISABLE AUTO-ON DISABLE DAY SENS DAY SENSOR 5M PHOTO DIODE 20K
SW 2P3T
Note : Off Time Delay = 5678 x (R+40,000) x C Second R in Ohm, C in Farad
_________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 KC778B
4. Hook-up with 12VDC system
Below is an example of Auto camp light which uses an auto battery (12VDC). Internal voltage regulator is used, it needs 12V to start up but can work down to 7V.
Q1 8550 C1 470uF Q2 9013 KC778B C2 220uF 1 2 D1 1N4001 C3 C4 BT1 12V C5 10uF 104 10uF TAN 3 4 5 6 7 C6 104 8 VCC PIR SENS OFFSET FILTER LP FILTER DC CAP VREF PYRO (D) PYRO (S) OSC 20 R2 R C LED 19 120K 18 17 R5 1K R3 20K R6 100K PIR C7 200P 9 GND (A) R4 47K 10 GND (D) DAY 12 SENS DAY 11 ADJ R7 510k CdS C8 104 R1 330K C9 223 D2 1N4148 K1 RELAY LP1 LAMP
OUT 16 TOGGLE 15 S1 ON/OFF GAIN 14 13
Q3 8050
MANUAL OVERRIDE
5. Hook-up with Door Chime and Alarm circuit
A 2P3T slide switch is used in the system.When it is positioned at Chime, the LED output of KC778B will trigger the door bell COB at anytime. If the switch is positioned at OFF, power will be cut off. When switch to Alarm position, after 25sec delay, the KC778B start working. It outputs a high signal when motion is detected. This signal will charge up the cap such that the siren COB will be triggered after the charge up delay time. It forms a very simple alarm product.
D2 R5 R1 330K C1 U1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 KC778B 20 R2 19 C2 18 17 R3 16 TRG 15 14 D1 13 12 11 C3 100uF 1N4148 68K R4 TRG SIREN COB 56 DOOR BELL COB 220K 103 223 100 C4 100uF IN4148
C5 470uF
CHIME SW1 OFF ALARM 2P3T BT1 6V
T1
PIEZO
SW2 CHOKE Q1 8050 2P3T
_________________________________________________________________________________________ MPCC 9

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